Full list of IT professions in Moldova

The list of IT professions is quite extensive. It includes web programmers, sysadmins, product managers, architects and dozens of other specialities related to digital technologies. We realise that it is quite difficult to understand the whole list, especially for a person who is taking his or her first steps in the IT industry. But we will try to guide you, having laid out the whole list of IT professions in Moldova, which will help you to determine the right career path that corresponds to your interests, education and skills.

Main categories of IT specialists

The abbreviation IT refers to the general direction of the field of activity related to digital technologies. IT specialist is a concept that gives a very rough idea of a person's occupation. It is the same as saying "I have a medical background" to a person who works as a doctor, nurse, pharmacist or insurance agent. 

For the convenience of classification, we will divide the specialities in the IT sphere into separate areas. Although, all this is conventional, because some professions can simultaneously relate to different spheres, and the functions of separately taken related specialisations, on the contrary, can be performed by one person.  

IT specialties: list of categories

Conventionally, all IT professions can be divided into the following categories:

1. Software development and UX/UI design. These are related fields and the terms themselves are sometimes used synonymously. Web development is based on the coding behind every website and application. And UX/UI designers are the people who make sure that these web products are easier to use and look visually pleasing. There are two important components of every UI. User Inteface (UI) - the visual part, the look and feel of the site or application. And User Experience (UX) is the user experience.
2. Administration. These are the various IT engineers who create and maintain the company's information infrastructure.
3. Business Intelligence. This includes big data specialists who gather different points of view, research market needs, introduce new ideas, structure tasks for developers, and define company goals and strategies.
4. Cybersecurity. Information security professions that are concerned with protecting automated systems, programmes and networks from digital attacks are represented here.
5. Technical support service. It includes specialists to whom users of an IT product or service turn for help in case of problems or for additional counselling. 
6. Project and product management. These are specialists who set the web development team's terms of reference and track deadlines, demonstrate completed work to clients and agree on further plans for the development of individual products and projects. 

Let's dwell on each direction in more detail and consider what professions there are in the IT sphere in Moldova.

Software development and design

Professionals in this field create and maintain websites and applications. Their professional responsibilities range from coding and product testing to database management and digital security.

Today, almost every designer can make a simple site with the help of a constructor, but for the implementation of complex Internet projects with the automation of business processes without a webmaster simply can not do without. 

Web development is a broad concept, covering narrow niches in which subject matter experts work:

1. Frontend developers are programmers who work in tandem with designers on the visible part of a website or application (animations, infographics and other visuals). The specialist should know the basic programming languages: HTML, CSS and JavaScript. If a button disappears or a banner "floats" on the site, it means that the frontend is to blame. 
2. Backend developers are specialists working on the server side, invisible for site visitors (client authentication, server load, communication form, etc.). The specialist should know the basic programming languages: PHP, Python, Ruby. If there is an error when filling out the feedback form on the site, the backender is probably to blame.
3. Fullstack developers are specialists who combine frontend and backend functions and are responsible for the development of a website or application at all stages of implementation. They are also called webmasters. Often fullstack developers grow up to become architects (the highest position).
4. Developer of Android/iOS based mobile applications. Performs development, testing, makes adjustments and updates smartphone applications.

What are some other web development related professions in the IT field:

1. Web Designer. Responsible for the appearance of the application or website. The main task of the specialist is to develop the layout of the future site and pass it to the frontend for implementation. To create layouts, the designer uses Adobe Illustrator, Photoshop and Figma. 
2. UX Designer/Developer. Ensures site functionality is accessible and intuitive according to user experience. The specialist conducts research, creates prototypes of future sites, tests and suggests product refinements. UX designers often collaborate with web developers and designers and/or do the development and design themselves.
3. QA-engineer (tester). Tests the software product at each stage of development, identifies errors and makes timely adjustments, as well as checks the quality of development in accordance with the preliminary plan upon completion of all work.

List of IT professions related to administration

In enterprises and offices in Moldova, many professionals may be directly related to administration. 

There are various professions that perform the day-to-day administration of various digital processes in a company. Some professionals are involved in system administration and network maintenance. Others manage databases and security. 

For example, IT architects determine how IT services, solutions and infrastructure should be built. IT architects work closely with their software, network and database colleagues to control the digital technologies on which the business relies.

All professions in the IT infrastructure industry:

• Solution Architect
• Cloud Architect.

Network and system administrators are responsible for an organisation's networks. They install, maintain and support the organisation's computer systems, wide area networks (WANs), local area networks (LANs), individual computers, work mobile devices and more. These roles overlap with other groups depending on the complexity and needs of the organisation.

An overview of IT careers in the computer systems industry:

1. Computer systems manager (Computer systems manager).
2. Network Architect.
3. Systems Analyst.
4. IT coordinator.
5. Network administrator.
6. Network engineer (Network engineer.).
7. Support specialist.
8. System administrator
9. Wireless network engineer (Wireless network engineer).

We also have a growing demand in Moldova for such types of IT professions as database administrators. These are specialists who are responsible for organising, maintaining and protecting company information. Specialists help other departments by filtering and sorting the relevant data that these groups need access to.

Business analyst: current IT professions list

This is a group of professionals who transform data into insights to support a company's strategic goals. These professions help other parts of the organisation to access, filter and analyse information. Business analysts must be creative, imaginative and have critical thinking skills. 

A list of web analytics specialities:

1. Big Data Engineer/Architect.
2. Business systems analyst.
3. Data Analyst (Data Analyst).
4. Data Modeling Analyst (Data Modeling Analyst).
5. Data Scientist.
6. Data warehouse programming specialist (Data warehouse programming specialist).

Cybersecurity: current professions in the IT technology sector

Cyber security specialists are responsible for protecting company data from internal and external threats by securing networks, computers and mobile devices. Organisations in Moldova are increasingly hiring cybersecurity specialists to stay safe, as data loss can cause serious problems for a company.  

This list includes the following specialities:

• Cyber Security Expert, 
• Cyber Security Engineer, 
• Cyber Security Analyst, 
• Penetration tester.

Tech support: list of professions in IT

The helpdesk solves technical problems and requests from users. They implement and configure new tools, fix bugs and help people use IT systems. In some organisations in Moldova, helpdesk functions are customer-focused.

List of in-demand occupations:

• IT support specialist (IT support specialist).
• Customer support specialist (Customer support specialist).

Project and product management

Many IT teams also include product and project managers who help define strategy and build the product roadmap. Despite some similarities in name, these professions are different. Product manager is responsible for a specific software product throughout its lifecycle, while a prodject manages projects with a clear timeline and budget. 

You may find different job titles of prodact and projekt in different job postings. 

Products:

• Product Manager
• Product Owner
• Business Analyst (also fits here)

Projecs:

• Project manager
• IT Project Manager
• Account manager

What IT profession to choose

Choosing a career in technology can be a daunting task as there are many possible paths to choose from. It could be web development, machine learning, data science, DevOps and many more. Let's take a little time to reflect. 

If you love aesthetics and style, a UI/UX designer/developer may be the right profession. The specialist develops websites, apps and helps to improve user interaction. You can take inspiration from Behance if you want to follow this path. You will need to master Adobe XD, Figma, Photoshop or other less popular tools.

If you want to build websites, you should consider the profession of frontend development. The leading web technologies used by frontend developers:

• HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) - allows you to create the skeleton of web pages and websites;
• CSS - responsible for making the site look beautiful;
• JavaScript - is responsible for the responsiveness of a website. It brings the website to life, helps it look great on any device and makes it more interactive.

Or maybe you like maths and the magic of numbers? Then consider a career as a data analyst. It deals with the interpretation, analysis and visualisation of data. Data is present in every industry, so specialists are needed everywhere. The basic technical skills required to work in Data Science are:

• MySQL;
• Python and R programming language (best options for coding data science projects);
• Maths and Statistics. 

Can you be an organiser and work in a team? Then the profession of product manager is waiting for you. A product manager manages and coordinates software product development projects. The product manager is the voice of the customer in the team. He or she ensures that the product being created contains the features and requirements necessary to meet the demands of future users. The specialist is responsible for developing the product roadmap: from design to launch. 

If you're passionate about security, consider a career in information security. Cybersecurity includes everything from encryption to finding and defending against malware and viruses to hacking to find security vulnerabilities in a system and fix them. A cybersecurity specialist protects digital information for individuals, companies, firms, and even the government.

Choose which IT professions you are interested in and get started - the digital space is vast. And don't worry that learning will be difficult, because hard in learning is easy in fighting. Remember that even senior techies suffer from imposter syndrome. So don't give up.